Scoliosis
Scoliosis occurs in an unnatural "C" or "S" spinal curvature. Scoliosis is either apparent at birth or can be neurological. Nerve deficits affect the muscles in the spine, which leads to displacement.
Scoliosis symptoms:
Other than a curved spine, shoulder blade displacement is another sign of scoliosis as one shoulder blade appears higher than the other.
Other symptoms of scoliosis include:
- Asymmetrical hips
- Back pain
- Spondylolisthesis
- Spondylolisthesis is a painful condition that has an impact on the lower vertebrae. Similar to a domino effect, spondylolisthesis occurs when vertebrae slip into one another. Spondylolisthesis, in other words, refers to the displacement of the spine.
Spondylolisthesis symptoms
Lower back pain is a widespread symptom of spondylolisthesis.
Other symptoms include:
- Stiff legs and back
- Pain in the thighs
- Tender lower back
Kyphosis
A hunched or round back characterises kyphosis. The upper part of the spine bends excessively. Although the top portion of the spine has a natural curve to absorb shock, kyphosis happens when the curve is larger than usual.
Kyphosis symptoms
Kyphosis is a visible bump in one's upper back—patients who have kyphosis slouch and round their shoulders.
Symptoms of kyphosis include:
- Back pain that worsens with movement
- Lethargy
- Stiff spine
- Tight thighs
- Chest pain
- Diagnosis
Paediatric deformities are progressive degenerative conditions that affect posture and gait. It is essential to find the condition's cause before your child’s orthopaedic surgeon can commence non-surgical or surgical management. An imaging test such as an x-ray views changes in the curvature of the spine.
Other diagnostic tests include:
- EOS imaging: Uses two planar pictures to create three-dimensional models of the internal structure.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): The child is not exposed to radiation. An MRI uses computer technology, magnets, and high radio frequencies to create images of the body and its internal structures.
- CT scan: A CT scan uses x-rays and computer technology to create slices of the spine.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the degree of rotation and curvature of the spine. Also, the surgeons at Protea Spine take into account the child's age as well as the severity and location of the deformity. At times, bracing helps straighten out the back, and physiotherapy strengthens back muscles. However, often surgery remains the only option to treat severe scoliosis, kyphosis, and spondylolisthesis. Spinal fusion helps stabilise the spine. Metal rods hold the bones in place while the graft rejuvenates.
“Once you choose hope, anything is possible”.
CHRISTOPHER REEVE